1884 : First roller coaster in America opens!

On this day in 1884, the first roller coaster in America opens at Coney Island, in Brooklyn, New York. Known as a switchback railway, it was the brainchild of LaMarcus Thompson, traveled approximately six miles per hour and cost a nickel to ride. The new entertainment was an instant success and by the turn of the century there were hundreds of roller coasters around the country.

Coney Island, a name believed to have come from the Dutch Konijn Eilandt, or Rabbit Island, is a tract of land along the Atlantic Ocean discovered by explorer Henry Hudson in 1609. The first hotel opened at Coney Island in 1829 and by the post-Civil War years, the area was an established resort with theaters, restaurants and a race track. Between 1897 and 1904, three amusement parks sprang up at Coney Island--Dreamland, Luna Park and Steeplechase. By the 1920s, Coney Island was reachable by subway and summer crowds of a million people a day flocked there for rides, games, sideshows, the beach and the two-and-a-half-mile boardwalk, completed in 1923.

The hot dog is said to have been invented at Coney Island in 1867 by Charles Feltman. In 1916, a nickel hot dog stand called Nathan's was opened by a former Feltman employee and went on to become a Coney Island institution and international franchise. Today, Nathan's is famous not only for its hot dogs but its hot dog-eating contest, held each Fourth of July in Coney Island. In 2006, Takeru Kobayashi set a new record when he ate 53.75 hot dogs with buns in 12 minutes.

Roller coasters and amusement parks experienced a decline during the Great Depression and World War II, when Americans had less cash to spend on entertainment. Finally, in 1955, the opening of Disneyland in Anaheim, California, signaled the advent of the modern theme park and a rebirth of the roller coaster. Disneyland's success sparked a wave of new parks and coasters. By the 1970s, parks were competing to create the most thrilling rides. In 2005, Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson, New Jersey, introduced the Kingda Ka roller coaster, the world's tallest (at 456 feet) and fastest (at 128 mph).

By the mid-1960s, the major amusement parks at Coney Island had shut down and the area acquired a seedy image. Nevertheless, Coney Island remains a tourist attraction and home to the Cyclone, a wooden coaster that made its debut there in 1927. Capable of speeds of 60 mph and with an 85-foot drop, the Cyclone is one of the country's oldest coasters in operation today. Though a real-estate developer recently announced the building of a new $1.5 billion year-round resort at Coney Island that will include a 4,000-foot-long roller coaster, an indoor water park and a multi-level carousel, the Cyclone's owners have said they plan to keep the historic coaster open for business.

On this day in 1938, Cincinnati Red Johnny Vander Meer pitches his second consecutive no-hit game.

On this day in 1938, Cincinnati Red Johnny Vander Meer pitches his second consecutive no-hit, no-run game. Vander Meer is the only pitcher in baseball history to throw two back-to-back no-hitters.

Johnny Vander Meer, a hard-throwing lefty, was just 23 in 1938, his first full season in the majors. In his one season in the minors, he had struck out 295 batters, but was prone to wild pitches. In spring training in 1938, Pitching Coach Bill McKechnie helped Vander Meer to harness his power into throwing strikes. The training quickly paid off: On June 11, Vander Meer pitched a Saturday afternoon game for the Reds against the Boston Braves. He didn’t allow a hit in nine innings, and of the 28 batters he faced, he walked three and struck out four. It was the first no-hitter thrown in the National League since 1934 and the first no-hitter by a lefthander since 1931.


Four days later, Vander Meer pitched in the first night game in New York in big league history. Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers, turned the lights on for the first time, drawing a sell-out crowd of 48,000. Although the lights overshadowed Vander Meer’s return to the mound, he soon pitched himself back into the story. In the seventh inning, Vander Meer walked Cookie Lavagetto and Dolph Camilli to put a runner on second, the first time the Dodgers had a runner on second all game. Vander Meer worked his way out of the jam, and headed into the ninth inning looking for his second no-hitter in a row.


The crowd buzzed with anticipation in the bottom of the ninth, with the Reds leading 6-0 and Vander Meer poised to make history. After fielding a lazy ground ball hit by Dodger left fielder Buddy Hassett to lead off the inning, Vander Meer began to show signs of nerves. He proceeded to walk the bases loaded with one out, bringing centerfielder Ernie Koy to the plate. Koy hit a dribbler to Reds third basemen Lew Riggs, who, afraid of making a mistake, threw home to catcher Dolph Camilli instead of turning a double play. With two outs and the bases loaded, Dodger shortstop Leo Durocher stepped up to the plate. Durocher had a habit of delivering clutch hits, but after walloping a foul ball into the stands in right field, Durocher managed only a slow fly ball to center field, where Harry Craft gloved it for the final out to secure Vander Meer’s place in history.


The two no-hitters were part of a nine-game win streak for Vander Meer in 1938. Many believe that Vander Meer’s record of two consecutive no-hitters is the baseball record least likely to be broken, as to do so would require a pitcher to throw three consecutive no-hitters, a nearly unimaginable feat.

1777 : Congress adopts the Stars and Stripes

During the American Revolution, the Continental Congress adopts a resolution stating that "the flag of the United States be thirteen alternate stripes red and white" and that "the Union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation." The national flag, which became known as the "Stars and Stripes," was based on the "Grand Union" flag, a banner carried by the Continental Army in 1776 that also consisted of 13 red and white stripes. According to legend, Philadelphia seamstress Betsy Ross designed the new canton for the Stars and Stripes, which consisted of a circle of 13 stars and a blue background, at the request of General George Washington. Historians have been unable to conclusively prove or disprove this legend.

With the entrance of new states into the United States after independence, new stripes and stars were added to represent new additions to the Union. In 1818, however, Congress enacted a law stipulating that the 13 original stripes be restored and that only stars be added to represent new states.

On June 14, 1877, the first Flag Day observance was held on the 100th anniversary of the adoption of the Stars and Stripes. As instructed by Congress, the U.S. flag was flown from all public buildings across the country. In the years after the first Flag Day, several states continued to observe the anniversary, and in 1949 Congress officially designated June 14 as Flag Day, a national day of observance.

1752 : Franklin flies kite during thunderstorm!

On this day in 1752, Benjamin Franklin flies a kite during a thunderstorm and collects a charge in a Leyden jar when the kite is struck by lightning, enabling him to demonstrate the electrical nature of lightning. Franklin became interested in electricity in the mid-1740s, a time when much was still unknown on the topic, and spent almost a decade conducting electrical experiments. He coined a number of terms used today, including battery, conductor and electrician. He also invented the lightning rod, used to protect buildings and ships.

Franklin was born on January 17, 1706, in Boston, to a candle and soap maker named Josiah Franklin, who fathered 17 children, and his wife Abiah Folger. Franklin’s formal education ended at age 10 and he went to work as an apprentice to his brother James, a printer. In 1723, following a dispute with his brother, Franklin left Boston and ended up in Philadelphia, where he found work as a printer. Following a brief stint as a printer in London, Franklin returned to Philadelphia and became a successful businessman, whose publishing ventures included the Pennsylvania Gazette and Poor Richard’s Almanack, a collection of homespun proverbs advocating hard work and honesty in order to get ahead. The almanac, which Franklin first published in 1733 under the pen name Richard Saunders, included such wisdom as: "Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise." Whether or not Franklin followed this advice in his own life, he came to represent the classic American overachiever. In addition to his accomplishments in business and science, he is noted for his numerous civic contributions. Among other things, he developed a library, insurance company, city hospital and academy in Philadelphia that would later become the University of Pennsylvania.

Most significantly, Franklin was one of the founding fathers of the United States and had a career as a statesman that spanned four decades. He served as a legislator in Pennsylvania as well as a diplomat in England and France. He is the only politician to have signed all four documents fundamental to the creation of the U.S.: the Declaration of Independence (1776), the Treaty of Alliance with France (1778), the Treaty of Paris (1783), which established peace with Great Britain, and the U.S. Constitution (1787).

Franklin died at age 84 on April 17, 1790, in Philadelphia. He remains one of the leading figures in U.S. history.

PALABRAS QUE MATAN!

"No te van a querer ni los perros", era la frase que ella siempre usaba para retar a sus hijos cuando se portaban mal. Primero, venía el pellizcón, y después, como de remate, esta frase punzante, aguda. Seguramente, si le preguntan, ella los educó con amor. Y en nombre del amor, dijo frases coma éstas...





"¿Quién quiere otro choripán?", preguntó Carlos en el cumple de su hija. Ella estaba festejando sus 19 y él se había ofrecido de asador. "¿Quién quiere otro choripán?", insistió. "Vos no, mi amor, que estás muy gorda", fue la frase que disparó delante de todos sus amigos. Ella se puso roja de vergüenza, un nudo enorme le cerró la garganta y no comió más. Se levantó despacio y la soledad de su cuarto adolescente fue el mejor refugio hasta la madrugada del día siguiente. El padre murió preguntándose qué hizo mal esa noche.





"Vamos, no seas mariquita", le dijo su profesor de natación cuando él –que en ese momento tenía 6 años– pidió una toalla al salir de la pileta porque tenía frío. Y todos sus amigos empezaron a reírse. "Mariquita, mariquita", le gritaron. Y el profesor, lejos de hacerlos callar, los alentó. Nunca más volvió a nadar. (Y nunca, en 34 años de vida, apoyó sus labios en los labios de una mujer.)

"Sos un elefante dentro de la clase", le dijo su profesora de Dibujo el primer día del primer año del secundario. Ella venía de un primario impecable, donde Dibujo era su materia preferida. Y era, para hacer honor a la verdad, una joven promesa. Ese año, se llevó Dibujo a diciembre. Volvió a dibujar 28 años después, cuando –terapia mediante– descubrió cuánto la había inmovilizado esa frase.





El Perito Moreno fue el lugar elegido para festejar sus 10 años de casados. Caminata por el glaciar, todos los turistas en hilera para no resbalarse. Ella iba delante; él, detrás. "Tu culo me tapa todo el sol", fue la frase que eligió él para hacer un chiste. Y no entendió por qué esa noche ella se encerró en el baño a llorar.





Son frases que no te matan, pero te marcan para toda la vida. Frases de mierda son. No importa cuántas horas de terapia le dediques a deshacerlas, ellas están ahí... rondando, para reaparecer sin previo aviso. Son frases que, cuando las contás, te parece que estás exagerando, que no pudieron ser así, que quizá las recordás mal... Entonces descubrís la crudeza de esas palabras.



Lo bueno es que un día, porque ese día –créanme– finalmente llega, te sacás uno por uno todos los puñales que te clavaron en el cuerpo y en el alma, te hacés un sana, sana, colita de rana y descubrís que no fueron dichas con odio, que los responsables de escupirnos tamañas frases son seres que cargan, a su vez, con otras frases. Y entonces llega el perdón. Y perdonamos. Más adelante –bastante más adelante– viene la compasión. Es ahí cuando volvemos a sentirnos felices, con ganas de caminar sobre el Perito Moreno más allá del tamaño de nuestro culo, de nadar y gritar: "Tengo frío, traeme una toalla", de hacer una lista con toda la gente que te quiere. Porque no solamente te quieren los perros...







Tratemos de pensar antes de hablar... ya que las PALABRAS QUE DUELEN tardan muchos años en salir del corazón del otro, y hasta a veces no salen... No perdamos tiempo con los que queremos, porque perdonar lleva mucho tiempo... PENSEMOS ANTES DE HABLAR... TRATEMOS DE NO HERIR EL CORAZON DE LOS QUE MAS AMAMOS..."PALABRAS DE AMOR, ALEGRAN EL CORAZÓN"...






"Cada uno da lo que tiene en el corazon
y recibe con el corazon que tiene."

Himon Brown, Radio Storytelling Star, Dies

Himan Brown, radio storytelling star, dies in NYC DEEPTI HAJELA
Associated Press NEW YORK -- Himan Brown, who created dramas
that used sound effects like a creaking door and a steam engine to enthrall
listeners during the golden age of radio, has died. He was 99. Brown died in
his Manhattan apartment, his family said Monday. The creative force behind
radio classics including "Inner Sanctum Mysteries" and "Grand Central
Station," Brown grasped "how sounds would trigger the imagination," said Ron
Simon, curator of television and radio at the Paley Center for Media. Inner
Sanctum Mysteries," for example, used the sound of a creaking door as its
signature opening and ended with the ominous sign-off, "pleasant dreams.
Grand Central Station" included the sound of a steam engine. He was one of
radio's great storytellers," Simon said. Among Brown's other creations were
"The Adventures of the Thin Man" and "Dick Tracy. He worked with stars like
Orson Welles and Boris Karloff. Brown, who died Friday, "always believed in
the drama of the mind," said his daughter, Hilda Brown. He felt people could
use their own imagination to create mental pictures to go along with what
they were hearing on the radio. The son of Russian immigrants, Brown was
raised in Brooklyn. He graduated from law school, but decided to follow his
creative passions instead, his daughter said. He had good timing: The 1930s
and 1940s were part of the years when radio was most popular. Shows of all
kinds could be found all over the radio dial, and popular shows were
must-hear appointments for many Americans. Even as television came into
prominence in the middle of the 20th century, Brown remained a firm believer
in the power of radio. In 1974, he started "CBS Radio Mystery Theater," a
nightly radio program that ran until the early 1980s. Radio drama is the
most potent form of theater I know," he told the alumni newsletter of Grady
College at the University of Georgia in 1994. It gives you an experience no
other form of theater -- movies and television -- can duplicate. It's the
theater of the mind. Brown was married twice -- to Mildred Brown and later
Shirley Goodman, both deceased. Along with Hilda Brown, he is survived by
his son, Barry Brown; his granddaughters, Melina Brown and Barrie Brown; and
four great-grandchildren.

1913 : First successful ascent of Mt. McKinley

On this day in 1913, Hudson Stuck, an Alaskan missionary, leads the first successful ascent of Mt. McKinley, the highest point on the American continent at 20,320 feet.

Stuck, an accomplished amateur mountaineer, was born in London in 1863. After moving to the United States, in 1905 he became archdeacon of the Episcopal Church in Yukon, Alaska, where he was an admirer of Native Indian culture and traveled Alaska's difficult terrain to preach to villagers and establish schools.

In March 1913, the adventure-seeking Stuck set out from Fairbanks for Mt. McKinley with three companions, Harry Karstens, co-leader of the expedition, Walter Harper, whose mother was a Native Indian, and Robert Tatum, a theology student. Their arduous journey was made more challenging by difficult weather and a fire at one of their camps, which destroyed food and supplies. However, the group persevered and on June 7, Harper, followed by the rest of the party, was the first person to set foot on McKinley's south peak, considered the mountain's true summit. (In 1910, a group of climbers had reached the lower north peak.)

Stuck referred to the mountain by its Athabascan Indian name, Denali, meaning "The High One." In 1889, the mountain, over half of which is covered with permanent snowfields, was dubbed Densmores Peak, after a prospector named Frank Densmore. In 1896, it was renamed in honor of Senator William McKinley, who became president that year.

Mount McKinley National Park was established as a wildlife refuge in 1917. Harry Karstens served as the park's first superintendent. In 1980, the park was expanded and renamed Denali National Park and Preserve. Encompassing 6 million acres, the park is larger than Massachusetts.

Hudson Stuck died in Alaska on October 10, 1920. Today, over 1,000 hopeful climbers attempt to scale Mt. McKinley each year, with about half of them successfully reaching their goal.

1933 : FDR takes United States off gold standard

On June 5, 1933, the United States went off the gold standard, a monetary system in which currency is backed by gold, when Congress enacted a joint resolution nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold. The United States had been on a gold standard since 1879, except for an embargo on gold exports during World War I, but bank failures during the Great Depression of the 1930s frightened the public into hoarding gold, making the policy untenable.

Soon after taking office in March 1933, Roosevelt declared a nationwide bank moratorium in order to prevent a run on the banks by consumers lacking confidence in the economy. He also forbade banks to pay out gold or to export it. According to Keynesian economic theory, one of the best ways to fight off an economic downturn is to inflate the money supply. And increasing the amount of gold held by the Federal Reserve would in turn increase its power to inflate the money supply. Facing similar pressures, Britain had dropped the gold standard in 1931, and Roosevelt had taken note.

On April 5, 1933, Roosevelt ordered all gold coins and gold certificates in denominations of more than $100 turned in for other money. It required all persons to deliver all gold coin, gold bullion and gold certificates owned by them to the Federal Reserve by May 1 for the set price of $20.67 per ounce. By May 10, the government had taken in $300 million of gold coin and $470 million of gold certificates. Two months later, a joint resolution of Congress abrogated the gold clauses in many public and private obligations that required the debtor to repay the creditor in gold dollars of the same weight and fineness as those borrowed. In 1934, the government price of gold was increased to $35 per ounce, effectively increasing the gold on the Federal Reserve's balance sheets by 69 percent. This increase in assets allowed the Federal Reserve to further inflate the money supply.

The government held the $35 per ounce price until August 15, 1971, when President Richard Nixon announced that the United States would no longer convert dollars to gold at a fixed value, thus completely abandoning the gold standard. In 1974, President Gerald Ford signed legislation that permitted Americans again to own gold bullion.

1935 : Babe Ruth retires

On this day in 1935, Babe Ruth, one of the greatest players in the history of baseball, ends his Major League playing career after 22 seasons, 10 World Series and 714 home runs. The following year, Ruth, a larger-than-life figure whose name became synonymous with baseball, was one of the first five players inducted into the sport's hall of fame.

George Herman Ruth was born February 6, 1895, into a poor family in Baltimore. As a child, he was sent to St. Mary's Industrial School for Boys, a school run by Roman Catholic brothers, where he learned to play baseball and was a standout athlete. At 19, Ruth was signed by the Baltimore Orioles, then a Boston Red Sox minor league team. Ruth's fellow teammates and the media began referring to him as team owner Jack Dunn's newest "babe," a nickname that stuck. Ruth would later acquire other nicknames, including "The Sultan of Swat" and "The Bambino."

Ruth made his Major League debut as a left-handed pitcher with the Red Sox in July 1914 and pitched 89 winning games for the team before 1920, when he was traded to the New York Yankees. After Ruth left Boston, in what became known as "the curse of the Bambino," the Red Sox didn't win another World Series until 2004. In New York, Ruth's primary position changed to outfielder and he led the Yankees to seven American League pennants and four World Series victories. Ruth was a huge star in New York and attracted so many fans that the team was able to open a new stadium in 1923, Yankee Stadium, dubbed "The House That Ruth Built."

The southpaw slugger's final season, in 1935, was with the Boston Braves. He had joined the Braves with the hope that he'd become the team's manager the next season. However, this dream never came to pass for a disappointed Ruth, who had a reputation for excessive drinking, gambling and womanizing.

Many of the records Ruth set remained in place for decades. His career homerun record stood until 1974, when it was broken by Hank Aaron. Ruth's record of 60 homeruns in a single season (1927) of 154 games wasn't bested until 1961, when Roger Maris knocked out 61 homers in an extended season of 162 games. The Sultan of Swat's career slugging percentage of .690 remains the highest in Major League history.

Ruth died of throat cancer at age 53 on August 16, 1948, in New York City. His body lay in state at Yankee Stadium for two days and was visited by over 100,000 fans.